Pomeranian
AKC & CKC Toy Group
Origin & History
The Pomeranian descended from large Spitz-type sled dogs of the Arctic region and takes its name from Pomerania (now part of Poland and Germany) where it was bred down to smaller size. These fluffy companions gained royal popularity when Queen Victoria became enamored with the breed in the late 1800s, leading to the development of the modern toy-sized Pom.
Originally weighing up to 30 pounds, selective breeding reduced their size to the 3-7 pound range we know today. The AKC recognized the breed in 1888.
Pomeranians became one of the most popular toy breeds in America during the 20th century, cherished for their fox-like expressions, luxurious coats, and big personalities in small packages.
Today's Poms maintain their Spitz heritage through their plumed tails, alert expressions, and confident demeanors. They excel as companion animals and adapt well to various living situations, bringing joy with their lively antics.
Stats:
- Height: 6-7 inches
- Weight: 3-7 pounds (4-6 lbs ideal)
- Coat: Long double coat with fluffy undercoat
- Colors: All colors/patterns accepted (orange most common)
- Lifespan: 12-16 years
| Traits: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy: High; lively and playful despite small size | ✓ | ||||
| Easy To Train: Intelligent but can be stubborn; responds to positive methods | ✓ | ||||
| Grooming: High maintenance; requires frequent brushing | ✓ | ||||
| Family Dog: Loyal but may prefer adults to children | ✓ | ||||
| Watchdog: Excellent alert dog; will bark at anything | ✓ | ||||
| Beginner Friendly: Yes, for someone committed to grooming. | ✓ | ||||
| Prey Drive: Moderate; may chase small animals | ✓ | ||||
| Barking: Frequent; vocal about everything | ✓ | ||||
| Good with other dogs: Good if properly socialed with other dogs | ✓ |
Health Concerns:
- Patellar Luxation: Slipping kneecaps
- Dental Issues: Common in small breeds
- Tracheal Collapse: Weakness in windpipe
- Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar
- Heart Problems: Especially in older Poms
- Coat Loss: "Black skin disease" (alopecia X)
- Eye Problems: Including dry eye and tear staining
Please check the Canine Health Information Center (CHIC) and parent breed clubs for health information.
Glossary of general canine health conditions.